$C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}+Ca(OH)_2\rightarrow C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}CaO.2H_2O$
${C_{12}}{H_{22}}{O_{11}}CaO.2{H_2}O + C{O_2} \to {C_{12}}{H_{22}}{O_{11}} + CaC{O_3} \downarrow + 2{H_2}O$
$C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}+H_2O\overset{H^+, t^o}{\rightarrow}C_6H_{12}O_{6}+C_6H_{12}O_6$
$C_6H_{12}O_6\xrightarrow[30^o-32^C]{enzim}2C_2H_5OH+2CO_2$
$C_2H_5OH\xrightarrow[25^o-30^oC]{men giấm}CH_3COONa+H_2O $
$CH_3COONa+NaOH\rightarrow CH_3COONa+H_2O$
$C{H_3}C{\text{OO}}Na + NaOH\xrightarrow{{{t^o}}}C{H_4} \uparrow + N{a_2}C{O_3}$
$CH_4+O_2\xrightarrow[t^o]{các oxi nitơ}HCHO+H_2O$